Palaeomyrmidon is an extinct genus of anteater. Its closest living relative is the silky anteater ( Cyclopes didactylus). Although the silky anteater is arboreal, Palaeomyrmidon lived on the ground. Palaeomyrmidon is known from a fossil skull that was found in the Andalhualá Formation of Argentina.Rovereto, Cayetano. 1914. Los estratos Araucanos y sus fósiles. Anales del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Buenos Aires 25: 1-247.
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